Cell Parts (Organelles) - Topic Outlines From Our Textbook

Cell Membrane

  1. Outer boundary of the cell
  2. Flexible
  3. Made of a double layer of fats with proteins
  4. Keeps a chemical balance inside the cell
  5. Allows food and oxygen in and wastes out.

Nucleus

  1. Largest of all cell organelles
  2. Has a membrane with openings called pores
  3. Contains chromatin (DNA) and controlling chemicals
  4. Also contains the nucleolus

    Cytoplasm
  1. Gel-like material inside the cell membrane
  2. Contains water and chemicals
  3. Constantly moves and streams
  4. Contains all the organelles of the cell

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

  1. Folded membrane that moves materials around in the cell
  2. Takes up a lot of space in some cells

Ribosomes

  1. Small structures where proteins are made
  2. Directions for protein making come from hereditary material in the nucleus
  3. Some are found scattered in the cytoplasm while others are attached to the ER

Golgi Bodies

  1. Stacks of membrane-covered sacs
  2. They package and move proteins to the outside of the cell

Mitochondria

  1. Break down food molecules and give off energy
  2. Supply energy to the rest of the cell for all activity

Lysosomes

  1. Contain chemicals that digest wastes and worn-out cell parts
  2. After cell death, this part breaks down the remaining cell

Vacuoles

  1. Fluid-filled temporary storage areas in cells
  2. They can store water, food and wastes
  3. Very small in animal cells but very large in plant cells

 

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